Military Drug Abuse - 1474 Words

Substance use has been studied in great detail in military service members as well as military children. Acion, Ramirez, Jorge, and Ardnt (2013) conducted a study on the risk of substance use in military children when a parent was deployed. They looked at four main outcomes: â€Å"ever drink alcohol, past 30-day binge drinking, past 30-day marijuana or other illicit drug use, and prescription drug misuse† (p.1419-1420). The categories they used was a recently deployed parent, recently returned from deployment parent, and non-military parents. Their results indicated that there was higher substance use within the deployed parent group than the non-military group. Between the deployed and recently returned groups there wasn’t a significant†¦show more content†¦Overall, spousal smoking and drinking does exist, but the reason for how much is consumed varies per situation (Trone, 2017). This study did not examine any other substance use such as opioids, benzodi azepines, barbiturates, amphetamines, or any other illicit drug use. Relationship between substance use and family conflict Many studies that have been conducted show a correlation between family conflicts when one or more parent is using substances (alcohol or other drugs). Rothenberg et al. (2016) showed a correlation between reported marital dissatisfaction when a spouse was using alcohol. Kelley et al. (2016) found that children had increased worry and anxiety in regards to their father’s hostility when a parent was using substances and inter-parental conflict was present in the home. Kachadourian, Eiden, and Leonard (2009) researched how marital satisfaction and parenting roles were impacted by paternal alcoholism. Their study indicated that paternal alcoholism taking place for 12 months or more had an impact on the father’s parenting role and increased marital dissatisfaction amongst the mother’s in the study. Other indicators of family conflict due to substance use that could be considered is if the spouse is using on a daily basis. Often times this could indicate the spouse is addicted to the substance because it is needed for daily functioning. Is the spouse using while the children are in the home or operatingShow MoreRelatedThe Main Purpose Of This Research Paper Is To Provide Information928 Words   |  4 Pagesmain purpose of this research paper is to provide information on how drugs affect the brain and body of a person. Reports of drug related crimes are common in the media mainly on news reports. The main concern tends to be towards Methamphetamine, which gets the most media attention. One of the most abused drugs in the Philippines is a local type of methamphetamine mixed with caffeine known as Shabu. This is a powerfully addictive drug that can cause people to have intense hallucinations and become extremelyRead MoreMilitary Substance Abuse Prevention Programs2987 Words   |  12 PagesRunninghead: CLINICAL ANALYSIS Assignment #4: Military Substance Abuse Prevention Programs Gemma K. Vizcocho University of Southern California Professor Fred P. Stone, PhD, LCSW April 24, 2017 Substance abuse in the military has been a problem throughout history. The unique culture and stress experienced by military service members put them more at risk for substance abuse. Drug and alcohol use has been an easy escape and a coping mechanism forRead MoreDifference Between Drug Use And Drug Abuse1515 Words   |  7 PagesExplain what is meant by the â€Å"drug abuse continuum†? Explain each of the levels on the continuum. How does the continuum help to explain the difference between drug use and drug abuse? Drug abuse continuum is referred to the stages of substances abuse and usage. This theory is to assess where a person is at in their drug abuse. It helps rate, which treatment is proper, if needed. The stages defined in the continuum are non-use, experimental use, and culturally endorsed us. They are also known asRead MoreThe Impact Of Military Service Members Ptsd1720 Words   |  7 PagesImpact of Military Service Members PTSD Introduction Military work is complex and wide. The soldiers are normally deployed to wars during the war time or deployed to complex rescue missions whenever needed. This is in the belief that military personnel are the most robust trained personnel who can handle the toughest situations and conditions in life. However, for everything there exists a limit. This is because military personnel are normal human beings. They have humanity in them and military work isRead MoreThe Problem Of Prescription Drug Abuse1461 Words   |  6 Pages(Quotes about Drug Abuse). This quote by Wayne Gerald Trotman describes how heartbreaking it is to contemplate on exactly how many people’s lives have been adversely impacted as a result of abuse. Child abuse, animal abuse, and sexual abuse are all major types of abuse; however, prescription drug abuse is a problem that is drastically skyrocketing in today’s society. While other addictions and abuses are equally significant, it is imperative that peopl e put a stop to prescription drug abuse using twoRead MoreEssay on The Benefits of Legalizing Marijuana1475 Words   |  6 PagesThe war on drugs is a movement of prohibition and military aid being undertaken by the United States government intended to both define and reduce the illegal drug trade (Bullington). In the year 2010 the U.S. government spent $15 billion on the war on drugs, at a rate of $500 per second. State and local governments spent another $25 billion as well. In 2007, $42 billion was spent on the marijuana prohibition. That is more money than the war on drugs spent on all types of drugs three years beforeRead MoreDrug Of Drug And Drug Abuse1538 Words   |  7 PagesDrug Resistance Drug use has become an increasing problem among high schoolers and teenagers around the same age. Ever since the drug war of the 1900s, drugs have been a major problem in today’s society. â€Å"Use of drugs such as opium, morphine, and other byproducts were common in twentieth century America† (Dobkin, 1998). While most students in standard high school drug education know about the use of coca leaves in Coca-Cola and the opium trade in China, drug addiction during the century is muchRead MoreJohn Ray Cash Essay1252 Words   |  6 Pagesbecame his father’s son. Johnny would pick up drinking and doing drugs like his father had done when he was smaller. All this drove Johnny into depression. He never really liked to talk about it but it was known that he wasn’t happy in his life like he could have been. Even right up until the end of his life he was abusing drugs. It was like he always tried to mask the pain but it never worked. He went into the military and went to the Korean War as a Morris code decoder. He couldn’tRead MoreClient Biopsychosocial. Betty Simmons Is A 32 Year Old,1504 Words   |  7 Pagescommitment, nor probation/parole. There is no civil proceeding in place. However, Betty is currently experiencing substance abuse related problems, which she tested positive for meth and opiates during a recent urine analysis test upon admittance. A counselor has been assigned to Betty’s case. Presenting Problems Currently, Betty lives with relatives, and is seeking substance abuse treatment. Betty reports feelings of hopeless, feeling excessive guilt, and helplessness. Betty demonstrates pervasiveRead MoreSubstance Abuse And Addiction Counselor1393 Words   |  6 PagesSubstance Abuse and Addiction Counselor Substance abuse as well as addiction is a topic many people choose to ignore or tend to believe that it does not affect them. Addiction itself does not seek out certain types of people but can affect anyone, at any time, for any reason. Stress, per pressure, financial trouble, even genetics all play a role in substance abuse and addiction. Unlike others, I don’t see substance abusers as weak willed but instead in need of guidance and someone to talk to about

The Problem Of Police Enforcement - 1149 Words

A stranger has broken into your house while your family is home and the stranger plowed through your bedroom door like Ray Lewis; you are lying in bed next to a night stand where you store your .45 – what would you do? The probability of the average American possessing the skillset of remaining composed under pressure is extremely low, and you would likely reach for the gun and pull the trigger. Fortunately, you are the 492 in 493 (99.8%) United States citizens who have not been properly trained to react in that situation, so you could pull the trigger and claim self-defense. If you were the 1 in 493 (0.2%) United States citizens who have been trained to react in that situation, the media would dissect the situation and gleefully inform the entire country of your misconduct. The people who have been trained to react in that situation are police officers, whom have undergone heaps of scrutiny throughout the course of United States history – most exclusively the past deca de. As a country, we categorize law enforcement in two distinct categories: brutal or helpful; we fail to consider similarities between the two categories, and we ultimately fail to classify law enforcement as humans. The philosophy of establishing a distinct code of law dates back to the genesis of America. The constitution established three branches of government that parallels the law code – legislative, executive, and judicial; our forefathers found it essential to institute law enforcement through theShow MoreRelatedThe Problem Of Police Enforcement1489 Words   |  6 PagesEven though law enforcement administrators â€Å"are constantly striving to preserve a positive, ethical image of their departments to the public they are sworn to serve and protect†(pg. 5), in the law enforcement world today, there are many problems that are occurring within the duties of police officers. These problems vary across a broad board. They may include personal issues that officers may be dealing with on a daily basis at home or issues that arise throughout police departments across the countryRead MoreRecruitment And Hiring Crisis Of American Law Enforcement1141 Words   |  5 Pagescrisis in American law enforcement. Among the various problems that law enforcement agencies in America face, however, do not solely pertain to issues such as budgeting or manpower; but rather, it is the problem of recruiting qualified Asian-American applicants (Gaines Kappeler, 2014). Policing in the United States has changed since the early days of American law enforcement. Although there have been opportunities for Asian-Americans to pursue a career in law enforcement over the last forty yearsRead MoreFice Of Community Policing Essay1609 Words   |  7 Pagescommunity policing focuses on crime and social disorder through the delivery of police services that includes aspects of traditional law enforcement, as well as prevention, problem-solving, community engagement, and par tnerships. The community policing model balances reactive responses to calls for service with proactive problem-solving centered on the causes of crime and disorder. Community policing requires police and citizens to join together as partners in the course of both identifying and effectivelyRead MoreThe Issue Of Law Enforcement1429 Words   |  6 PagesMany citizens look for law enforcement for service and protection, some don’t even think about the problems they face day to day. Every day hundreds of people working in Law enforcement put their lives on the line while on the job. They face challenging problems each day such as rising crime, law enforcement corruption, stress, health problems and being portrayed in a negative way on Social media. It’s not easy doing their job but they do it to the best of their ability despite having diffluent obstaclesRead MorePolice And Police Brutality1331 Words   |  6 Pagesone person to ruin and blame the whole race. Police bru tality is an everyday case and there has yet nothing to be done to help reduce nor stop the violence. Often people critic the duty and the responsibilities that a police officer has in this county. Their duty is far from just eating donuts and drinking coffee. The first thing someone does when they feel like their life or someone’s life is in danger, is call 911 expecting that the law enforcement appears on the scene in .0 seconds. Even thenRead MoreAfter The 9/11 Attack, Many Agencies DidnT Know What To1630 Words   |  7 Pageshelp of local law enforcement because they will be the first responders on the crime scene when something bad happens. Local law enforcement usually have it concerns with preventing or solving crimes such as burglary, theft, robbery, and homicide crimes, these crimes usually have an impact on the local community, but when future terror threats local law enforcement will have to reorganize adapt to the policing strategies of the homeland security. In the past few years, law enforcement agencies haveRead MorePolice Brutality Today s Media1626 Words   |  7 PagesPolice Brutality What do most people think of the topic of police brutality? More than once, images and stories of minorities civil rights being taken away become the topic of conversation. It is heart wrenching to see these videos and hear these stories of police brutality in today’s media. Every day there seems to be another headlining case on the topic of police brutality. Police brutality isn’t just law enforcement officers abusing the power granted to them; however, it is a much larger issueRead MoreIt Comes To Light That Police Departments Across The States1741 Words   |  7 PagesIt comes to light that police departments across the states play an important role in fighting and preventing terrorism. They are being trained to learn and investigate local terrorist threats throughout the United States, and to make sure the community is protected from such harm. In to do so police officers will have to extend they stay in the community and be involved in such activities and improve the community trust, another thing they will have to do is to build a partnership with other localRead MoreThe Issues With Police Recruitment1069 Words   |  5 PagesIssues with Police Recruitment Police recruitment, specifically the recruitment of women and minorities, is an issue within the police organization. When it comes to gender in law enforcement, males outnumber females by a large margin. When looking at race in law enforcement Whites outnumber any other race. By leveling the fields of gender and race in law enforcement, this will prove to be beneficial to police organizations across the board. According to U.S. Census Bureau of 2005, women makeRead MorePolice Policing And Community Policing1513 Words   |  7 Pagesdefinitions. In this paper I will prove that community policing is effective by defining, community policing as the police and citizens coming together to create a safe community, stop crime and resolve problems and also urgently responding to the community. Throughout many years, the people’s view of community policing have remained the same. There are some valid causes as to why law enforcement leaders consider that it is time to change the way policing labors so that they are effectively helping the community

Othello has been called a ‘domestic tragedy’ Free Essays

A domestic tragedy takes place in a personal setting. In Othello, the men are in Cyprus to fight a war. However, the tragedy is the events within the relationships of the central characters. We will write a custom essay sample on Othello has been called a ‘domestic tragedy’ or any similar topic only for you Order Now There is little discussion of the war and, although Desdemona blames state matters for Othello’s change in behaviour, the real problems Othello faces are matters of the heart. The women in the play have no part in the war, but still their presence contributes to the downfall of both Othello and Iago, creating repercussions for the state. The historical context of the play is important when considering the female characters contained in it. The play was first performed in 1604 at the start of the reign of King James I. It is generally thought that wives were expected to be obedient to their husbands at this time, and play the â€Å"maiden never bold†, as Desdemona is described by her father in Act One, scene three. However, the time of the play’s first performance was shortly after the reign of Queen Elizabeth I. Elizabeth never married and is known to have been of strong character. It is therefore likely that a strong-willed female character would have been accepted by an audience of this time. A feature of the play that should be considered is the misogyny shown by the male characters. In the first scene of the play, the language used by Iago to describe the sexual acts of Desdemona and Othello is coarse, â€Å"an old black ram Is tupping your white ewe†. The sexuality of women is valued little by the men in the play, except for Othello who seems to over-romanticise it. Iago is coarse and rude. Cassio is seen as a ladies man, but uses women for sex. Roderigo shows very little knowledge of Desdemona but loves her for her beauty. Othello is similar to this, he idealises Desdemona, showing little understanding of her as a person. As Leavis says, Othello has a â€Å"preoccupation with his emotions rather than with Desdemona in her own right.† The three men, Othello, Iago and Cassio, all have a typically male profession, that of a soldier. They are all, including Othello (despite his romanticism), very masculine characters. Othello’s lack of understanding and failure to attempt to understand, the complexity of women contributes greatly to his downfall. The character of Desdemona is a complex one. She has strong beliefs and shows complete devotion to Othello. Her main belief is in true love, and her views on this never falter. She will do anything to maintain her love with Othello. Her first appearance in the play shows bravery, a true love of Othello and complete trust in him. It is here she first expresses her views on love. â€Å"to his honours and valiant parts Did I my soul and fortunes consecrate.† Desdemona believes that to love someone is to give oneself to them completely. She has a very idealistic view on love and this is shown again in Act Four, scene three when she is discussing unfaithful women with Emilia. â€Å"Dost thou in conscience think – tell me, Emilia – That there be women do abuse their husbands In such gross kind?† It is her innocent and naà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ve views that show what Desdemona represents in the play. In ‘The Othello Music’, Knight says â€Å"In Othello, pure love is the supreme good†. Desdemona’s main belief is in pure love. This leads to the conclusion that Desdemona represents goodness and purity within the play, as when she is dead, Knight says â€Å"pure love lies slain.† Another value Desdemona possesses is compassion. When Cassio loses his status as Othello’s Lieutenant, it is Desdemona that he goes to for help, under the instruction of Iago. Even though Iago is doing this to benefit himself, what he says to Cassio of Desdemona is entirely true. â€Å"She is of so free, so kind, so apt, so blessed a disposition, that she holds it a vice in her goodness not to do more than she is requested.† As Knight states in ‘The Othello Music’, Desdemona â€Å"is typically feminine in her attempt to help Cassio, and her pity for him.† Othello also tells the Senate in Act One, scene three that he loved Desdemona â€Å"that she did pity† him for the dangers he had passed. It is femininity that Desdemona also represents in the play. She is loved and admired for her girlish innocence and feminine compassion. Emilia represents a more down-to-earth, common sense woman. Her personality, like Desdemona’s is feminine in many ways. For example, she is highly protective over Desdemona, acting as a mother figure to her. The femininity she represents is more mature than Desdemona’s. As she is older than Desdemona, and has been married to Iago for a longer time than Desdemona to Othello, she is far more knowledgeable about love and life. She is also more cynical and far less romantic in her views. In her conversation with Desdemona about unfaithful women, she openly admits that she would be unfaithful to her husband if the whole world were her reward. Lianne Evans â€Å"who would not make her husband a cuckold, to make him a monarch?† Emilia knows that love and men are not as ideal as Desdemona believes them to be. When Othello’s behaviour towards Desdemona changes, Emilia, unlike Desdemona realises that something is wrong with the relationship and that Desdemona should not let Othello treat her in such a way. â€Å"I would you had never seen him.† She stands for strength and common sense, and her views about marriage show this clearly. â€Å"Let husbands know Their wives have sense like them†. Bianca represents a quite impure love within Othello. She shows that she loves Cassio, but her lifestyle as a prostitute also shows this as quite corrupt. She represents the opposite of the innocent and naà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ve Desdemona. She is a woman with no responsibility to anyone but herself in the play. She has a relationship with Cassio but her reputation does not allow this to be taken seriously by anyone, including Cassio himself. She represents a love with few morals. Desdemona believes in completely faithful, perfect love, Emilia believes that being unfaithful is acceptable for a large price and Bianca, although she seems to care greatly about Cassio, has still made her living as a prostitute. She may show strong character in some areas, for example, when Emilia insults her, she comes back with, â€Å"I am no strumpet, but of life as honest As you that thus abuse me.† This shows that she is prepared to stand up for herself and her lifestyle, implying that she believes it is right. It is important when performing Desdemona to a modern audience to portray the strength of her beliefs. Bradley has described Desdemona as â€Å"helplessly passive† and I believe that this view of Desdemona should be avoided. To achieve maximum impact with a modern audience, it is important not to show Desdemona as a helpless victim of abuse, or too stupid to do anything about her unhappy relationship. For Desdemona to be admired and sympathised with, it would be necessary to show her stronger qualities. The reason she allows Othello to treat her with such disrespect is not because she is passive or helpless. She has already shown courage when she first appeared in the play, betraying her father for her love of Othello, and speaking out in front of the Senate. Her dogmatic nature, belief in pure love and loyalty to Othello are the qualities that would achieve a maximum impact with a modern audience. However, it would also be important to show her youth and innocence, being careful not to confuse this with stupidity. She always knows what she is doing, even though it is sometimes misconceived. When standing up for Cassio to Othello, it would be important to show her feminine charms and kind intentions. This would make it believable for Othello to suspect her of adultery, as her nature is so friendly. Emilia appears to be the most modern character of the three women in Othello. Her views on marriage would be much appreciated by a modern audience and her cynicism and wit would be found amusing. Many modern women could easily relate to Emilia. Portraying her mature, worldly personality would be very effective with a modern audience. It would also be important to show her loyalty, especially to Iago. It is clear that Emilia loves Iago as she stands by him throughout the play, until she discovers the real truth about him. According to Bradley, Emilia â€Å"remains perfectly true to herself†, but this is not true. Iago has a great influence over Emilia’s actions, and because of Iago, Emilia compromises her own judgement. In stealing Desdemona’s handkerchief she is doing something that she knows is wrong, but she does it all the same, just to gain the love of her husband. Showing his power over her would create sympathy for her. Her belief in her husband’s honest nature, along with everyone else’s, is part of the tragedy of Othello. At the end of the play however, Emilia’s common sense returns and her most important scene would need to be performed effectively to create maximum impact. To do this it would be necessary to show Emilia’s anger, frustration, hurt and disgust. The character of Emilia is very likeable with a modern audience, and it would be important not to lose any of her strong, amusing and loyal qualities. Performing Bianca would be a difficult task. Her character has little substance and it would be easy to lose her in a performance. Within the play she is mainly ridiculed and insulted. A modern audience could show admiration for her when she approaches Cassio about the handkerchief he gave her. As an actress, it would be important to show Bianca’s strength here, and her belief in herself. Bianca could also be sympathised with as her love for Cassio is unrequited and despite her attempts to woo him, he only ridicules her. In general, a modern audience can sympathise with all the women in the play. All, despite their strengths, suffer at the hands of the men in their lives. Desdemona’s unfaltering belief in pure love only results in Othello’s killing her. Emilia’s loyalty and strength leads her to being murdered, also by her own husband. Bianca’s love for Cassio only brings her ridicule. In a modern society this supports the radical feminist view that no relationship with a man is beneficial to a woman. Each woman displays different feminine qualities. Desdemona’s approach is obedience, Emilia’s is loyalty and Bianca’s, persistence, but none of these bring them any rewards. The women in Othello are so often misunderstood. The majority of criticism on the play is written by males and there is very little comment on the female characters at all. This has led to difficulty in performing these characters to create a Lianne Evans maximum impact with a modern audience. However, their roles are clear. They all show the negative qualities in the male characters, but at the same time have an effect on their lives. The play is a domestic tragedy but the effects of the domestic lives of the characters are shown in all aspects of their lives. The misunderstanding of Desdemona, Emilia and Bianca, within the play and in audiences has led to misinterpretations of their characters. To create a maximum impact with a modern audience, the female characters need to be given their own personality, and the effects they have need to be shown. Without the women going to war with their husbands, the tragedy of Othello would be a very different one. How to cite Othello has been called a ‘domestic tragedy’, Papers

Facets of Consumer Behavioral Decision Commodities and Services

Question: Describe about the Facets of Consumer Behavioral Decision for Commodities and Services. Answer: Introduction: Consumer behavior is the manner in which an individual or group of individual decides to purchase, use or dispose any ideas, commodities and services. It also refers to the factors that affect the purchasing decision of a consumer (Solomon, 2014). It is of utmost importance for any company to understand the detailed behavior of its consumers in order to maximize their sales. The purchasing decision of any consumer mainly depends on 4 broad factors namely, Psychological factor, technological factors, social and situational factors. The psychological and situational factors consumers search for information and recognition of the products. The social and technological factors affect the component of purchasing and post-purchasing evaluation made by the consumer (Bruner Pomazal, 2013). Through this report a detailed analysis of all these components has been conducted to see the way in which all these components are inter-linked. Its the consumers who create the demand for any goods and services and henceforth any company trying to excel in business keeps a detailed information about consumer behavior. Consumers Purchasing Decision Process: Consumers have several ex-ante and ex-post aspects in purchasing process. Some of the aspects can be visually observed whereas others are not observed visually but can be analyzed after studying the consumers psychology (Gao et al., 2012). The process of this purchasing decision has been graphically and contextually represented below: Problem of Recognition: The first and foremost component considered by any buyer before purchasing any goods or services is to identify the utility that they can get from their purchase. While trying to understand the possible benefit the user may get, they often faces recognition problem. The consumer should at first be able to recognize the need of purchasing a product and the opportunity that they may forgo without the product. Often the utility of certain products remains unrecognized (Gao et al., 2012). Availability and accessibility of Information: A rational consumer always tries to gather the maximum information possible about the commodity that they plan to purchase. They can have two sources of collecting information. The internal source which depends on consumers previous experience and external source which depends on information obtained from markets, relatives and friends (Di Pietro Pantano, 2012). Alternatives Available: The demand for any products and services always depend on the alternatives available in the market. If there are umpteen numbers of alternatives in the market for the same product then the consumer has to consider the utilities that he may derive from the different alternatives along with the opportunity cost incurred in all the cases. Usually the consumer buys the product or service that maximizes his opportunity and minimizes his cost (Chang et al., 2014). Purchase decision: The penultimate juncture of the economic activity is the purchasing stage. Consumer guided by their rationality goes through all the above mentioned stages and comes to the cessation of buying any commodity. Even during this stage the buyer may change his decision suddenly. These changes in decisions are guided by feedback as posted in the companys website which sells the product. Negative feedback or pessimistic information from relatives and friends can alter the buying decision eve at the nick of time (Di Pietro Pantano, 2012). Ex-post purchase decision: Every customer purchases the product with some pre-defined expectations. Failure of the product to meet customers expectation may hamper future sale of the product from that company. The customer may give poor reviews about the product on companys website or on social media. Unsatisfied customer may also influence their relatives and friends who could otherwise be a potential customer (Chang et al., 2014). Factors influencing Buying Process: Umpteen number of factors influence the decision making process of any transaction. They can be broadly clustered under 4 categories. The following graphical image explains the categories: Psychological Factors: Strategy maker of business has been able to efficiently leverage the different factors which influence the consumers. Purchasing decision of a buyer depends substantially upon the peoples psychology (Solomon, Russel-Bennett Previte, 2012). This component can again be further divided into few sub-categories namely: Perception: Consumer has the habit of collecting and synchronizing all the available information about any given product. The probability of purchasing increases when consumer feels that there is enough information about the product and it bears less risk (Solomon, Russel-Bennett Previte, 2012). Motivation: Common people are usually risk averse and their buying decision depends on the safety issues associated with the products. It is often observed that consumers are ready to pay a higher cost if a particular product is safer than its alternatives. E.g.: Organic foods are preferred to non-organic foods. Psychographics Attitudes: Buyers are usually captivated by colorful catchy advertisements. Business strategies often use product differentiation to float their products attract the targeted customers. They advertise on the basis of consumers lifestyle, personality traits and attitudes (Collier et al., 2015). E.g.: Pizza Huts sale soared up high after it allowed customization of Pizza via online order. Learning: Shoppers often keep on updating themselves about the availability of various products and plans to purchase newfangled products. Hence, the firms require ameliorating their product portfolio to keep on attracting consumers. E.g.: People after incorporating all information switches over different online shops like Amazon, Flipkart, Snapdeal, etc. Situational Factors: Ex-ante buying decision is greatly influenced by situational factor which has been often ignored by the strategy makers till recent times. The physical surrounding, mood of the buyer and the time are the situational factors (Collier et al., 2015). Physical surrounding: Buyers prefer to purchase goods and services from shops and centers that are in close proximity of their residence. If a firm can locate its outlets in densely populated public places then the scope of their products sale increases. Mood and Time: Time is the factor which remains covertly in any transaction. Consumers prefer to minimise their time in any physical transaction and expects things to be delivered within time in case of online transactions. Purchasing decisions are also clouted by peoples moods (Shah, 2013). Their preference often shows irrational changes which needs to be predicted by the firms and cater them accordingly. E.g.: People hate to stand in long queues and delayed services from online shopping portals. Social Factors: Humans, being a social animal tend to be swayed in their decision process by the social factors. This factor includes components like family, households, reference groups and cultures (Kuan, Zhong Chau, 2014). The impacts of these components are discussed below: Reference groups: People are emotional beings and they often act irrationally after being influenced. They has the tendency to follow the things that their idols to. Their idols can be a movie star, a player, any seniors and even family members. They are the ones who often set an example which is followed by the consumers. E.g.: Bollywood star Salman Khan is the brand ambassador of Thumbs Up, a soft drink company. A large mass of his followers drink Thumbs Up as Mr. Khan is seen drinking the same in an advertisement. Family Household: Conspicuous consumption takes place when people are influenced by their family members and relatives. It has been seen that if any member owns something then there is tendency of other family members to purchase the same in order to maintain status and swagger themselves (Xiao Nicholson, 2013). E.g.: People often buys newly launched mobiles say iPhones, since its already been purchased by any family member or friend. Cultural influence: Sub-culture and Culture plays a pivotal role in controlling peoples behaviour. Global consumers tend to purchase products that are widely used in other countries. They tend to move out of their traditional choices and accept foreign cultures. Religions form an important part of sub-cultural component along with the geographical factors. A firm must set its marketing strategies in a way which incorporates these cultural and sub-cultural aspects (Kuan, Zhong Chau, 2014). Technological Factors: Global economy is paralyzed without the highly efficient technological system. The technological factors includes access to the internet, capabilities of persons to search and find the desired products, the proficiency of the customers to evaluate the products online and the post purchase response given by them. The producers or strategy makers should be able to analyze these factors from buyers viewpoint in order to succeed in their business (Baden-Fuller Haefliger, 2013). They should provide the buyers an attractive yet informative website which gives detailed information at a glance and compels the buyer to go through the different web pages. E.g.: The customers nowadays buy products online thereby saving time. Conclusion: The global consumers can be broadly categorized into two groups, namely impulsive buyers and high-involvement buyers. Impulsive buyers change their mind frequently and purchases unplanned goods whereas high response buyers mainly conduct their purchasing process after detailed analysis of the market. Impulsive buyers mainly purchases small commodities like chocolates, dresses, accessories, etc. High response buying involves luxury goods like cars, jewellery, art works, etc. It can be concluded that the prosperity in the business depends on the extent to which a company could analyze the existing market by segregating the types of buyers and cater to their needs individually. References: Baden-Fuller, C., Haefliger, S. (2013). Business models and technological innovation.Long range planning,46(6), 419-426. Bruner II, G. C., Pomazal, R. J. (2013). Problem recognition: The crucial first stage of the consumer decision process.Journal of Consumer Marketing. Chang, E. C., Lv, Y., Chou, T. J., He, Q., Song, Z. (2014). Now or later: Delay's effects on post-consumption emotions and consumer loyalty.Journal of Business Research,67(7), 1368-1375. Collier, J. E., Moore, R. S., Horky, A., Moore, M. L. (2015). Why the little things matter: Exploring situational influences on customers' self-service technology decisions.Journal of Business Research,68(3), 703-710. Di Pietro, L., Pantano, E. (2012). An empirical investigation of social network influence on consumer purchasing decision: The case of Facebook.Journal of Direct, Data and Digital Marketing Practice,14(1), 18-29. Gao, J., Zhang, C., Wang, K., Ba, S. (2012). Understanding online purchase decision making: The effects of unconscious thought, information quality, and information quantity.Decision Support Systems,53(4), 772-781. Kuan, K. K., Zhong, Y., Chau, P. Y. (2014). 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